School Leaders Confronting Anti-Democratic Education Policy: Policy Enactment and Resistance in Pakistan

Research from the Educational Administration Quarterly highlights how anti-democratic and authoritarian forces impact educational systems in developing countries, specifically citing Pakistan. These forces manifest as centralized control, weak institutional autonomy, and politically influenced school governance, posing challenges to school leaders. The study aims to investigate how these policies are enacted and resisted.

This research is strategically important because it sheds light on the systemic challenges faced by educational institutions under anti-democratic governance structures. Understanding the mechanisms of policy enactment and resistance is crucial for developing resilient educational frameworks and promoting institutional independence in vulnerable contexts.

Anti-democratic and authoritarian forces are prevalent in the educational systems of many developing countries, including Pakistan.

Forward consideration, not a verified fact.