Research Summary: Helpful or harmful? generative AI dependence, self-reported critical thinking disposition, and self-perceived employability among business students

Research among Omani business students indicates that increased use of Generative AI (GenAI) is positively associated with GenAI dependence, which in turn negatively impacts self-reported critical thinking disposition. This suggests a potential trade-off between convenience and the development of essential cognitive skills, highlighting risks related to over-reliance and reduced independent engagement with learning materials.

Why it matters

This study is strategically important because it identifies a potential adverse effect of Generative AI adoption on critical thinking skills, a fundamental requirement for professional development and effective decision-making. Understanding this dynamic is crucial for organizations and educational institutions planning future technology integration and talent development strategies.

Key insights

• GenAI use is positively associated with GenAI dependence.
• GenAI dependence is negatively associated with self-reported critical thinking disposition.
• The study leverages cognitive load theory, cognitive offloading, and habit formation to frame its analysis.
• Data was collected from 412 undergraduate business students in Oman via a cross-sectional survey.
• Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used for analysis, with covariance-based SEM for robustness.

Source

Frontiers in Education — https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1885990