Factors influencing students' achievement in mathematical literacy: a secondary analysis of PISA 2022 data from Saudi Arabia

A significant proportion of secondary college students fail to achieve minimal mathematical literacy levels by the end of secondary schooling. A study, utilizing PISA 2022 data from Saudi Arabia, was conducted to identify factors influencing student achievement in mathematical literacy. The research aims to provide feedback to the Saudi educational system to inform the design of programs that improve students' psychological and social environment within schools and enhance mathematical literacy.

Why it matters

Addressing fundamental educational deficiencies, such as low mathematical literacy, is crucial for developing a skilled workforce and fostering innovation. This directly impacts national economic competitiveness and social progress, making targeted interventions essential for future societal advancement.

Key insights

• A considerable number of secondary college students do not reach minimal mathematical ability standards.
• The timely identification of this educational deficit and the implementation of corrective measures are critical.
• The study leverages PISA 2022 data, which assessed student learning abilities across 81 international economies.
• The research specifically focuses on Saudi Arabia to provide tailored insights for its educational system.
• The objective is to examine student- and school-related factors influencing mathematical literacy.

Source

Frontiers in Education — https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1889157