Developing a school-based evaluation framework for education for sustainable development in primary school comprehensive practical activities: integrating CIPP, GreenComp, and action research

A research study published in Frontiers in Education details the development of a school-based evaluation framework for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) within primary school practical activities. The framework integrates Daniel Stufflebeam's Context-Input-Process-Product (CIPP) evaluation model with the European sustainability competence framework (GreenComp) through mixed-methods action research conducted across two semesters at an urban primary school in eastern China.

This initiative matters because standard educational assessments often fail to capture the operational conditions necessary to foster practical sustainability skills. By coupling the CIPP evaluation model with the GreenComp framework, educational institutions can establish structured mechanisms to measure both institutional delivery and student competency development. This enables data-driven, evidence-based iteration of practical sustainability education programs.

Practical evaluation frameworks connecting competence-oriented metrics to evidence-informed school improvement have historically been limited.

Forward consideration, not a verified fact.