Construction and content validation of an OBE-AI-CED integrated teaching framework for the liquor factory design course in local undergraduate universities: a modified Delphi study

A study published in Frontiers in Education outlines an OBE-AI-CED integrated teaching framework developed via a modified Delphi methodology for liquor factory design instruction in local undergraduate universities. The initiative responds to industrial modernization across digital, intelligent, and green dimensions in the Chinese baijiu sector, addressing current instructional weaknesses such as ill-defined design task chains, limited real-world engineering context, undefined parameters for artificial intelligence deployment, and excessive reliance on end-product grading over procedural learning.

This initiative matters because rapidly evolving industrial practices require specialized engineering education to bridge the gap between academic outputs and smart, sustainable production requirements. Establishing structured frameworks ensures that graduates possess multidisciplinary competencies while maintaining educational integrity as advanced technologies like AI enter engineering design workflows.

Digital, intelligent, and ecological modernization in the brewing sector necessitates upgraded engineering competencies in higher education.

Forward consideration, not a verified fact.